Computer Networking

A computer network is a system in which multiple computers are connected to each other to share information and resources.

Characteristics of a Computer Network

·        Share resources from one computer to another.

·        Create files and store them in one computer, access those files from the other computer(s) connected over the network.

·        Connect a printer, scanner, or a fax machine to one computer within the network and let other computers of the network use the machines available over the network.

Different Types of Networks

There are many ways in which different networks can be classified, such as their size, capabilities and the geographical distance they cover. A network is simply a group of two or more computer systems linked together in some way so that they can share data between them. Different types of networks provide different services, and require different things to work properly.

Most network types are known as different types of ‘area’ networks – this is due to the history of networks, and dates back to the time when computer networks were defined by their literal scale. This is no longer always the case due to new technology. Some of the most common types of network you are likely to encounter are detailed here below:

·         Local Area Network (LAN)

This is one of the original categories of network, and one of the simplest.  LAN networks connect computers together over relatively small distances, such as within a single building or within a small group of buildings.

Homes often have LAN networks too, especially if there is more than one device in the home. Often they do not contain more than one subnet, if any, and are usually controlled by a single administrator. They do not have to be connected to the internet to work, although they can be.

Metropolitan Area Network – This is a network which is larger than a LAN but smaller than a WAN, and incorporates elements of both. It typically spans a town or city and is owned by a single person or company, such as a local council or a large company.

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              Wide Area Network (WAN)- This is another of the original categories of network, and slightly more complex in nature. WAN networks connect computers together over large physical distances, remotely connecting them over one huge network and allowing them to communicate even when far apart. The Internet is a WAN, and connects computers all around the world together.