Social Diversity of India & Peopling
India is known for its vast human diversity, consisting of more
than four and a half thousand anthropologically well-defined populations. Each
population differs in terms of language, culture, physical features and, most
importantly, genetic architecture. The size of populations varies from a few
hundred to millions. Based on the social structure, Indians are classified
into various caste, tribe and religious groups. These social classifications
are very rigid and have remained undisturbed by emerging urbanisation and
cultural changes. The variable social customs, strict endogamy marriage
practices, long-term isolation and evolutionary forces have added immensely to
the diversification of the Indian populations.
Peopling
The peopling
of India refers to the migration of Humans and
Humanoids into India. Evidence of humanoid population in India may stretch as
far back as 1,500,000 years before today.
Modern humans settled India in multiple waves
of migrations, over tens of millennia. The first migrants came with the
Southern Coastal dispersal, ca. 60,000 years ago, whereafter complex migrations
within south and southeast Asia took place. With the onset of farming the
population of India changed significantly by the migration of Dravidians ,
Indo-European, Austro asiatic, Indo Aryan Tibeto-Burmese. In past 2000 years of
history Yunani, Turkish, Mughal, British, Fransis , Purtgalis came to India and
they changed culture of Indians a lot.
The diversity in India is the result of
migration from thousands of years.
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